Anuradhapura served as the capital of Sri Lanka for over a thousand years, from the 4th century BCE to the 11th century CE. It was the center of political, economic, and cultural power, shaping the course of Sri Lankan history and civilization.
Anuradhapura played a crucial role in the introduction and establishment of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. It became a major center for Buddhist learning, pilgrimage, and practice. The city’s sacred sites and monastic complexes are of great religious importance to Buddhists worldwide. Anuradhapura is home to the Sri Maha Bodhi, the oldest recorded planted tree in the world. The ancient city of Anuradhapura showcases remarkable architectural feats, including enormous stupas, intricately carved statues, monastic complexes, and advanced irrigation systems.
Anuradhapura has been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1982. Its inclusion on this prestigious list underscores its global significance and the need for its preservation. The site is considered an outstanding example of an ancient urban civilization and bears witness to the advanced architectural and engineering skills of the time.
Table of Contents
- Sri Maha Bodhiya
- Ruwanwelli Maha Seya
- Thuparamaya
- Jetavanaramaya
- Isurumuniya
- Mirisawetiya
- Lankaramaya
- Abayagiriya
- Lovamahapaya
- Samadhi Statue
- Mihintale
- Thanthirimale Raja Maha Viharaya
- Awukana Buddha Statue
- Kuttam Pokuna
- Eth Pokuna (Elephant Pond)
- Sandakada Pahana( Moonstone)
- Mahamevnawa Gardens
- Kalu Diya Pokuna (Black Water Pool)
- Ritigala
- Thissa Wewa
Sri Maha Bodhiya
Religious Significance: Sri Maha Bodhiya is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Sri Lanka. It is believed to be the oldest living human-planted tree in the world and is revered as the tree under which Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment. It is considered a sacred symbol of enlightenment and spiritual awakening.
Historical Importance: Sri Maha Bodhiya has a rich historical significance. It is said to have been brought to Sri Lanka in the 3rd century BCE as a sapling from the original Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya, India. The establishment of the tree in Sri Lanka marked the introduction and establishment of Buddhism on the island.
Cultural Heritage: Sri Maha Bodhiya represents Sri Lanka’s deep-rooted Buddhist heritage and cultural identity. It has played a crucial role in shaping the religious and cultural practices of the country for over two millennia. The tree and its surroundings are revered as a sacred site and a symbol of national pride.
Pilgrimage Destination: Sri Maha Bodhiya attracts countless pilgrims from around the world. Devotees visit the sacred tree to pay homage, offer prayers, and seek blessings. It is a place of pilgrimage for Buddhists, who consider it an opportunity to deepen their spiritual connection and find solace.
Symbol of Unity: Sri Maha Bodhiya is a unifying symbol for Sri Lankans, transcending ethnic and religious divisions. It serves as a common point of reverence and devotion, bringing people from different backgrounds together in their shared reverence for Buddhism and the tree.
In summary, Sri Maha Bodhiya stands as a sacred and revered site, embodying the spiritual essence of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. Its religious, historical, and cultural importance, along with its role as a pilgrimage destination, make it a cherished and significant part of the country’s heritage.
Ruwanwelli Maha Seya
Religious Significance: Ruwanwelisaya is one of the most sacred Buddhist sites in Sri Lanka. It is believed to enshrine relics of Gautama Buddha, making it a revered pilgrimage destination for Buddhists. Devotees visit the stupa to pay homage, offer prayers, and seek blessings.
Architectural Splendor: Ruwanwelisaya showcases remarkable architectural design and craftsmanship. It stands at a height of approximately 103 meters (338 feet) and features a large dome-shaped structure made of brick and stone. The stupa is adorned with intricate carvings, decorative elements, and a pinnacle, exemplifying ancient Sri Lankan architectural excellence.
Historical Importance: Ruwanwelisaya has a rich historical significance. It was built by King Dutugemunu in the 2nd century BCE to commemorate the reunification of Sri Lanka and the end of a long-lasting war. The stupa represents a symbol of national unity, victory, and the revival of Buddhism in the country.
Archaeological Value: Ruwanwelisaya is an important archaeological site, attracting researchers and scholars. Excavations around the stupa have revealed ancient artifacts, inscriptions, and evidence of ancient construction techniques, providing valuable insights into the history and culture of Anuradhapura.
Cultural Heritage: Ruwanwelisaya is a symbol of Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage and its deep-rooted connection to Buddhism. It represents the country’s ancient civilization, religious traditions, and the historical significance of Anuradhapura as a prominent Buddhist center.
Pilgrimage Destination: Ruwanwelisaya attracts a large number of pilgrims and tourists from around the world. Many visitors come to experience the spiritual ambiance, participate in religious ceremonies, and witness the devotion of the devotees.
Symbol of National Pride: Ruwanwelisaya holds a special place in the hearts of Sri Lankans as a national symbol. It represents the country’s unity, cultural identity, and serves as a source of pride and inspiration for the nation.
In summary, Ruwanwelisaya stands as a magnificent testament to Sri Lanka’s religious and architectural heritage. Its religious significance, architectural splendor, historical importance, and cultural value make it a cherished and revered site, attracting both spiritual seekers and cultural enthusiasts.
Thuparamaya
Thuparamaya is one of the most important historical and religious sites in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It holds great significance as the first stupa built in Sri Lanka after the introduction of Buddhism.
Historical Significance: Thuparamaya is of immense historical importance as it is believed to be the first stupa constructed in Sri Lanka. It was built over 2,300 years ago to enshrine the sacred collarbone relic of Gautama Buddha, making it a revered pilgrimage site for Buddhists.
Buddhist Heritage: As a Buddhist temple, Thuparamaya plays a vital role in preserving and propagating the teachings and practices of Buddhism. It serves as a place of worship, meditation, and religious ceremonies for devotees.
Relic Shrine: The centerpiece of Thuparamaya is the sacred relic chamber, which houses the revered collarbone relic of Gautama Buddha. This relic is considered one of the most sacred objects in Buddhism and holds great spiritual significance for followers.
Architecture: Thuparamaya exhibits a unique architectural style that reflects a blend of Indian and Sri Lankan influences. The stupa features a hemispherical dome structure adorned with concentric rings and ornate stone pillars. The complex also includes a shrine room and other ancillary buildings.
Cultural Symbol: Thuparamaya is a symbol of Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage and its deep-rooted connection to Buddhism. The temple represents the religious devotion and spiritual practices that have shaped the country’s identity over the centuries.
Pilgrimage Destination: Thuparamaya attracts countless pilgrims and tourists from around the world who seek blessings and spiritual solace. Visitors can explore the temple complex, participate in religious rituals, and experience the serene atmosphere.
In summary, Thuparamaya stands as a testament to Sri Lanka’s ancient Buddhist heritage. With its distinctive architecture, historical and religious significance, and status as a pilgrimage destination, it remains a revered and cherished site for Buddhists and a fascinating cultural landmark for visitors.
Jetavanaramaya
Jetavanaramaya is a significant Buddhist stupa located in the ancient city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is one of the tallest stupas in the world and holds immense historical and religious importance.
Architecture: Jetavanaramaya showcases impressive architectural design. It was built during the reign of King Mahasena in the 3rd century CE and stands at a height of approximately 122 meters (400 feet). The stupa features a solid brick structure with intricate carvings and embellishments.
Size and scale: Jetavanaramaya is renowned for its massive size, making it one of the largest structures of its kind. It covers an area of about 5.6 hectares (14 acres) and was considered the third tallest monument in the ancient world, only surpassed by the Great Pyramids of Giza.
Religious significance: The stupa holds great religious significance for Buddhists. It is believed to enshrine relics of Gautama Buddha, making it a revered pilgrimage site. Jetavanaramaya represents the strong Buddhist influence in ancient Sri Lanka and serves as a place of worship and veneration.
Historical importance: Jetavanaramaya is a testament to the advanced engineering and architectural prowess of ancient Sri Lanka. Its construction required vast resources and a skilled workforce, showcasing the grandeur and prosperity of the Anuradhapura Kingdom.
Archaeological site: Jetavanaramaya is an important archaeological site, attracting researchers and historians. Excavations have revealed artifacts, inscriptions, and remains that provide valuable insights into the ancient civilization and its cultural practices.
Tourist attraction: Jetavanaramaya draws tourists from around the world due to its architectural splendor and historical importance. Visitors can explore the stupa, marvel at its towering structure, and learn about its cultural and religious significance.
In summary, Jetavanaramaya stands as a magnificent testament to ancient Sri Lanka’s architectural and engineering prowess. With its immense size, religious importance, and archaeological value, it remains a significant cultural and historical landmark in the region.
Isurumuniya
Isurumuniya is a Buddhist temple located in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is known for its rich historical and cultural significance, as well as its stunning rock-cut architecture.
Architecture: Isurumuniya showcases impressive rock-cut architecture. The temple is built into a rock face, creating a unique and picturesque setting. It features a main shrine room, a large carved stone courtyard, and a variety of rock-cut sculptures and carvings.
Rock-cut sculptures: One of the highlights of Isurumuniya is its collection of rock-cut sculptures. The most famous of these is the “Isurumuniya Lovers,” a beautiful carving depicting a couple in a loving embrace. Other sculptures include figures of gods, animals, and mythical creatures.
Buddhist heritage: As a Buddhist temple, Isurumuniya holds great religious significance. It is believed to have been built during the reign of King Devanampiyatissa in the 3rd century BCE, making it one of the oldest surviving Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka. The temple is dedicated to the practice and teachings of Buddhism.
Natural surroundings: Isurumuniya is set amidst lush greenery and natural surroundings, adding to its serene and tranquil ambiance. The temple is located near the Tissa Wewa reservoir, offering beautiful views of the surrounding landscape.
Archaeological importance: Isurumuniya is an important archaeological site in Sri Lanka. It has been a subject of archaeological research and study, uncovering artifacts and remnants that provide insights into ancient Sri Lankan civilization.
Cultural attraction: Isurumuniya attracts both locals and tourists due to its cultural significance. It serves as a gateway to Sri Lanka’s rich Buddhist heritage and offers a glimpse into the country’s ancient past.
Overall, Isurumuniya stands as a place of architectural beauty, religious devotion, and historical importance, offering a memorable experience for those who visit.
Mirisawetiya
Religious Significance: Mirisawetiya is a sacred place of worship for Buddhists. It is believed to enshrine sacred relics of Gautama Buddha, making it a revered pilgrimage site. Devotees visit the stupa to pay homage, offer prayers, and engage in religious activities.
Architectural Splendor: Mirisawetiya showcases impressive architectural design. The stupa stands at a height of approximately 45 meters (148 feet) and features a hemispherical dome structure made of brick and stone. It is adorned with intricate carvings, decorative elements, and a pinnacle, reflecting the architectural expertise of ancient Sri Lanka.
Historical Importance: Mirisawetiya has historical significance dating back to the reign of King Dutugemunu in the 2nd century BCE. The stupa was built to commemorate a significant victory in a battle, symbolizing the unification and restoration of Sri Lanka. It represents the nation’s history, heritage, and the revival of Buddhism during that era.
Cultural Heritage: Mirisawetiya is a testament to Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage and its deep-rooted connection to Buddhism. It serves as a symbol of spiritual devotion and the religious practices that have shaped the country’s identity over the centuries.
Archaeological Site: Mirisawetiya is an important archaeological site, attracting researchers and historians. Excavations have unearthed ancient artifacts, inscriptions, and remnants, providing valuable insights into the history and culture of ancient Anuradhapura.
Pilgrimage Destination: Mirisawetiya attracts pilgrims and tourists who seek spiritual solace and blessings. Many visitors participate in religious rituals, meditate, and immerse themselves in the serene atmosphere of the stupa and its surroundings.
In summary, Mirisawetiya stands as a revered and cherished site in Sri Lanka, embodying the religious and cultural heritage of the country. Its religious significance, architectural splendor, historical importance, and role as a pilgrimage destination make it an integral part of Sri Lanka’s cultural landscape.
Lankaramaya
Religious Significance: Lankaramaya is a revered place of worship for Buddhists. It is believed to enshrine sacred relics or remains of Gautama Buddha, making it a significant pilgrimage site. Devotees visit the stupa to pay homage, offer prayers, and engage in religious rituals.
Architectural Splendor: Lankaramaya showcases impressive architectural design. The stupa stands at a height of approximately 40 meters (131 feet) and features a hemispherical dome structure made of brick and stone. It is adorned with intricate carvings, decorative elements, and a pinnacle, reflecting the architectural excellence of ancient Sri Lanka.
Historical Importance: Lankaramaya has historical significance dating back to the reign of King Valagamba in the 1st century BCE. The stupa was built as a memorial to protect Buddhism during a time of persecution and symbolizes the resilience and revival of Buddhism in Sri Lanka.
Cultural Heritage: Lankaramaya is a symbol of Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage and its deep connection to Buddhism. It represents the religious devotion and spiritual practices that have shaped the country’s identity over the centuries.
Archaeological Site: Lankaramaya is an important archaeological site, attracting researchers and historians. Excavations have revealed ancient artifacts, inscriptions, and remnants, providing valuable insights into the history and culture of ancient Anuradhapura.
Pilgrimage Destination: Lankaramaya is a popular pilgrimage destination for Buddhists and tourists alike. Many visitors come to seek spiritual solace, explore the serene surroundings, and witness the religious rituals and practices.
In summary, Lankaramaya stands as a revered and cherished site in Sri Lanka, embodying the religious and cultural heritage of the country. Its religious significance, architectural splendor, historical importance, and role as a pilgrimage destination make it an integral part of Sri Lanka’s cultural and spiritual landscape.
Abayagiriya
Abhayagiriya, also known as Abhayagiri Monastery, is a prominent Buddhist monastery complex located in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.
Religious Significance: Abhayagiriya was a prominent Buddhist monastery during ancient times and played a vital role in the development and propagation of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. It served as a center for Buddhist teachings, meditation, and religious practices.
Monastic Complex: Abhayagiriya comprised a vast complex of buildings, including monastic dwellings, meditation halls, libraries, and stupas. It was home to a large community of monks, creating a spiritual and educational hub.
Academic Center: Abhayagiriya was renowned for its scholarly activities and intellectual pursuits. It housed a prestigious Buddhist learning institution where monks studied Buddhist scriptures, philosophy, and other subjects, contributing to the spread of knowledge and learning.
Architectural Splendor: Abhayagiriya featured impressive architectural structures and monuments. The complex included grand stupas, elaborate statues, moonstones (decorative stone slabs), and other decorative elements, showcasing the architectural excellence of ancient Sri Lanka.
Historical Importance: Abhayagiriya has historical significance as one of the major monastic complexes in ancient Sri Lanka. It flourished during different periods and played a pivotal role in shaping the religious and cultural landscape of the region.
Cultural Heritage: Abhayagiriya represents Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage and its deep-rooted connection to Buddhism. It exemplifies the country’s religious traditions, architectural styles, and the ancient monastic way of life.
Archaeological Site: Abhayagiriya is an important archaeological site that has been excavated and preserved. The site has yielded numerous artifacts, inscriptions, and ruins, providing valuable insights into ancient Sri Lankan civilization and Buddhist monasticism.
Pilgrimage Destination: Abhayagiriya continues to be a popular pilgrimage destination, attracting both local devotees and tourists. Visitors come to experience the spiritual ambiance, explore the archaeological remains, and pay homage to the historical and religious significance of the site.
In summary, Abhayagiriya stands as a significant religious and cultural site in Sri Lanka. Its religious importance, historical significance, architectural splendor, and role as an archaeological and pilgrimage destination make it a revered and cherished part of Sri Lanka’s heritage.
Lovamahapaya
Lovamahapaya was built during the 2nd century BCE by King Dutugemunu. It was originally intended as a nine-story structure, but it is unclear whether it was completed to its full height. The palace was primarily constructed of wood, with a bronze roof, giving it its name, “Brazen Palace.”
Lovamahapaya was a massive structure, covering an extensive area and featuring a grid-like layout. The palace was supported by stone pillars, with each floor having numerous chambers. The uppermost floor was believed to house a large image of the Buddha.
Although referred to as a palace, Lovamahapaya was not a royal residence but rather a center for monastic activities. It served as a dwelling place for a large number of monks and provided a space for religious assemblies and discussions.
Lovamahapaya is a popular tourist attraction in Anuradhapura. Visitors can explore the remains of the palace, walk among the stone pillars, and imagine the grandeur of the structure. It offers a glimpse into the ancient splendor of Anuradhapura’s architectural heritage.
Samadhi Statue
The Samadhi Statue depicts the Buddha in a seated meditative posture known as the “Samadhi” or “Dhyana” posture. The statue portrays the Buddha in deep meditation, with crossed legs and hands resting on the lap, in a state of profound tranquility and spiritual absorption.
The statue represents the state of enlightenment and inner peace achieved through meditation. It serves as a visual reminder of the Buddha’s teachings and the path to liberation from suffering.
The Samadhi Statue is made of granite and stands at a height of approximately 7 feet. It is believed to have been created during the 4th century CE, during the reign of King Mahanama. The statue was carved by skilled artisans,
The Samadhi Statue is considered a sacred and revered object for Buddhists. It is believed to radiate a sense of calmness and spiritual energy, inspiring devotion and contemplation among those who visit and pay homage.
Mihintale
Mihintale is known as the cradle of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. It is believed to be the site where Arahat Mahinda, the son of Emperor Ashoka of India, met King Devanampiya Tissa of Sri Lanka in 247 BCE. This encounter led to the conversion of the king and the establishment of Buddhism as the state religion.
Mihintale is considered a holy mountain by Buddhists. It consists of a series of rock formations, caves, and monastic structures spread across the hillside. The mountain is believed to have been visited by the Buddha himself during his third visit to Sri Lanka.
Sacred Mountain – It consists of a series of rock formations, caves, and monastic structures spread across the hillside. The mountain is believed to have been visited by the Buddha himself during his third visit to Sri Lanka.
Aradhana Gala (Meditation Rock) – Stone slab where Arahat Mahinda is said to have meditated. It offers a serene and peaceful atmosphere for meditation and reflection. Visitors can climb to the top of the rock to experience the panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.
Ambasthala Dagoba – This stupa is believed to mark the spot where Arahat Mahinda and King Devanampiya Tissa first met.
Monastic Complex – Mihintale houses several monastic structures, including rock caves used by monks for meditation and dwelling. The ruins of ancient stupas, image houses, and other structures can be explored, providing insights into the religious and architectural history of the site.
Mihintale Poson Perahera: Mihintale is particularly vibrant during the Poson festival (June month), which commemorates the introduction of Buddhism to Sri Lanka. The festival includes colorful processions, religious ceremonies, and cultural performances, attracting a large number of devotees and tourists.
Thanthirimale Raja Maha Viharaya
Thanthirimale Raja Maha Viharaya dates back over 2,500 years and is believed to have been visited by Lord Buddha himself during his third visit to Sri Lanka. It is said that the Buddha left his footprint on a rock at this sacred site.
The highlight of Thanthirimale Raja Maha Viharaya is the large rock with a footprint believed to be that of the Buddha. This footprint, known as the “Sri Padaya” or “Sacred Footprint,” is highly venerated by Buddhists and is a focal point of devotion and pilgrimage.
The temple complex features a magnificent stupa, known as Thanthirimale Stupa. It is believed to have been built by King Devanampiya Tissa, who was responsible for introducing Buddhism to Sri Lanka. The stupa stands as a testament to the ancient architectural skills and Buddhist heritage of the region. The temple also includes several monastic structures and rock caves where monks resided and practiced meditation.
Several archaeological excavations have taken place at Thanthirimale Raja Maha Viharaya, uncovering ancient artifacts, statues, inscriptions, and other remnants of the past. These findings provide valuable insights into the history, art, and culture of the region.
The temple is a popular destination for Buddhist pilgrims from Sri Lanka and around the world.
Awukana Buddha Statue
The Awukana Buddha Statue was carved out of a single granite rock during the 5th century CE, making it over 1,500 years old. It is a testament to the advanced craftsmanship and skill of ancient Sri Lankan artisans.
The statue depicts a standing Buddha in the “Abhaya Mudra” pose, which symbolizes fearlessness and protection. The right hand is raised in a gesture of blessing and assurance, while the left hand rests by the side. The statue stands at a height of approximately 40 feet (12 meters), making it one of the tallest ancient Buddha statues in Sri Lanka.
The Awukana Buddha Statue is distinct in its features. The statue has elongated ears, characteristic of ancient Buddhist art in Sri Lanka. The tightly curled hair, known as the “ushnisha,” is depicted in a spiral pattern, representing the Buddha’s wisdom and enlightenment.
The Awukana Buddha Statue is renowned for its exquisite artistic details and serene expression. The facial features, body proportions, and delicate drapery of the robes are intricately carved, showcasing the mastery of the sculptor. The statue exudes a sense of tranquility, grace, and spiritual serenity.
The statue serves as a visual representation of the Buddha’s teachings and inspires devotion and spiritual contemplation.
Kuttam Pokuna
Kuttam Pokuna (Twin Ponds) was designed as a bathing complex during the Anuradhapura period (3rd century BCE to 10th century CE). It was used by Buddhist monks for their ritual cleansing and bathing. The larger pond was reserved for the monks, while the smaller one was used by the royalty and other dignitaries.
The Twin Ponds are known for their impressive architectural features. They were constructed with precision using stone blocks, and the walls of the ponds were lined with terracotta bricks to prevent leakage. The water flowed into the ponds through underground conduits and was distributed evenly throughout the complex.
The Twin Ponds exhibit remarkable symmetry in their design. The larger pond is rectangular in shape and measures about 132 feet (40 meters) in length, while the smaller pond is smaller and more elongated.The ponds were built to collect and store rainwater, which was then utilized for various purposes such as bathing, irrigation, and religious ceremonies.
It reflects the advanced engineering and architectural achievements of ancient Sri Lankan civilization. The ponds serve as a tangible reminder of the sophisticated water management systems and the importance of cleanliness and hygiene in ancient Buddhist monastic life.
Eth Pokuna (Elephant Pond)
Eth Pokuna is a large man-made reservoir that was constructed during the ancient times of Sri Lanka. It was built as part of the sophisticated water management system in Anuradhapura. This pond is 159 meters long, 52.7 meters crossed, and 9.5 meters in-depth, with 75,000 cubic meters of water holding volume.
This tank has been used by the monks in the Abayagiri Monastry who amounted over five thousand priests.
Eth Pokuna exhibits impressive engineering and architectural features. The reservoir has a rectangular shape, with stone steps leading down to the water level. The walls of the reservoir are built with large stone blocks, showcasing the advanced construction techniques of the time.
The water to this pond has been provided from the Periyamkulama Tank through a system of underground waterways, The reservoir stands as a testament to the advanced hydraulic engineering practices and the importance of water management in the ancient civilization.
Visiting Eth Pokuna provides an opportunity to delve into the ancient civilization of Anuradhapura and witness the remarkable engineering and cultural practices of the time. It is a place where visitors can immerse themselves in the historical and spiritual ambiance of ancient Sri Lanka.
Sandakada Pahana( Moonstone)
The Sandakada Pahana, commonly known as the Moonstone, is a unique and significant feature of Sri Lankan architecture, particularly in Buddhist religious buildings. It is a semicircular stone carving that is placed at the bottom of a flight of steps leading to a sacred structure, such as a stupa or temple.
The Sandakada Pahana holds great symbolic meaning in Sri Lankan culture and Buddhism. It represents the cycle of life, the endless journey of samsara (the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth), and the path to enlightenment. The intricate carvings on the Moonstone convey profound philosophical and religious teachings.
The Moonstone features a series of concentric bands or rings carved with various intricate motifs. Each ring represents a different aspect of existence and spiritual progress. The outermost ring often depicts a band of flames, symbolizing the worldly desires and attachments that one must overcome to attain enlightenment.
Mahamevnawa Gardens
Mahamevnawa Gardens is home to a thriving monastic community of Buddhist monks who adhere to the teachings of the Theravada tradition. The monastery follows strict rules and regulations, providing a disciplined environment for monastic practice and spiritual development.
It was created by King Mutasiva during his reign from 367 – 307 BC. The king is renowned in Sri Lankan history as the first king who structured a park in the island. King Mutasiva is the son of King Pandukabhaya, who is the founder of the city of Anuradhapura. Mahamevnawa is also known as “Mahamegha” which literally translates to “heavy rainfall”. There was unusually heavy rainfall at the auspicious time the park was being started which aptly named it this way.
The Mahamevna Uyana has four heritage sites of importance. The Sacred Sri Maha Bodhi, the Samadhi Buddha Statue, the Ruwanweliseya and the Thuparama stupas are monuments with immense significance, not only for their resilience over the time, but more so because of the resplendent history and artistry that surrounds their construction.
Mahamevnawa Gardens is a popular destination for Buddhist pilgrims, both from Sri Lanka and abroad.
Kalu Diya Pokuna (Black Water Pool)
Kalu Diya Pokuna is a natural pond or pool formed by a depression in the rocky terrain. The water in the pool appears dark, giving it the name “Black Water Pool.” The pool is believed to be fed by underground springs, which maintain a constant flow of water throughout the year.
Kalu Diya Pokuna holds historical significance in relation to the ancient city of Anuradhapura. It is believed to have been used by Buddhist monks for bathing and as a place for meditation and contemplation. The pool served as a sanctuary for monks seeking solitude and connection with nature.
It is believed that several renowned Buddhist monks, including Arahat Mahinda, who introduced Buddhism to Sri Lanka, may have visited and meditated in the vicinity of Kalu Diya Pokuna.
The surrounding area of Kalu Diya Pokuna is rich in biodiversity, with a variety of plant and animal species thriving in the lush vegetation. The pool and its surroundings offer a scenic landscape, providing visitors with an opportunity to appreciate the beauty of nature.
To reach Kalu Diya Pokuna, you can take the Dambulla-Anuradhapura Road (A6) and then proceed towards the Ritigala area.
Ritigala
Ritigala has a rich history dating back to the ancient times of Sri Lanka. It is believed to have been inhabited by Buddhist monks as early as the 1st century BCE. The mountain range served as a renowned monastic complex and a center for meditation and spiritual practice.
The ruins of an extensive monastic complex can be found atop Ritigala. The complex includes a series of stone steps, terraces, meditation platforms, cave dwellings, and water reservoirs. The intricate stone architecture and the secluded location of the complex contribute to its unique charm.
Ritigala is known for its diverse flora, including a wide variety of medicinal plants and herbs. In ancient times, the monks residing in Ritigala cultivated herbal gardens and used their knowledge of medicinal plants for healing purposes.
Ritigala has been the site of significant archaeological discoveries. Excavations have revealed inscriptions, sculptures, and other artifacts that provide insights into the ancient Buddhist monastic life and the cultural practices of the time. The remains of ancient irrigation systems and water management structures are also notable features.
Ritigala is characterized by its scenic landscapes, dense forests, and diverse wildlife. The mountain range is home to a variety of plant and animal species, including endemic and endangered species. It offers opportunities for nature lovers and hikers to explore its trails and appreciate the beauty of the surrounding environment.
Location– It is situated approximately 43 kilometers northeast of Anuradhapura and can be reached by traveling along the Dambulla-Anuradhapura Road (A6).
Thissa Wewa
Thissa Wewa is part of a sophisticated irrigation system developed during ancient times in Sri Lanka. It was designed to store water from the Malwathu Oya River, ensuring a consistent water supply for cultivation and other needs in the region. It was constructed during the reign of King Devanampiya Tissa (3rd century BCE).
Thissa Wewa is a large reservoir covering an area of approximately 200 acres. It has a capacity to hold millions of gallons of water, allowing for irrigation of nearby agricultural lands and sustaining the livelihoods of local communities
Thissa Wewa has become a popular tourist attraction in Anuradhapura. Visitors can enjoy leisurely walks along the reservoir’s bund (embankment) and capture scenic views of the surrounding landscape. The reservoir provides a tranquil escape from the bustling city and offers a glimpse into the ancient irrigation and water management systems of Sri Lanka.
